Spring Water Management to Ensure Long Term Sustainability in North-Eastern Regions of India

Abstract Spring water is the lifeline of Himalayan communities. They depend on it for drinking and household use farming. In recent decades, region has been facing acute shortage in lean period due to climatic variabilities, especially rainfall. The rainfall pattern changed from low-intensity, longer duration high-density, shorter duration, which causes “too little too much water” syndrome. Rainwater does not have sufficient time infiltrate high reliefs undulating terrains. As a result, quick runoff dominates region, reducing groundwater recharge health. Springs also contribute base flow many rivers region. changing land cover another issue management, different studies indicate that deforestation, forest fire, mounting tourist spots, rapidly growing towns, development activities reduce infiltration capacity. this most rural populations are completely dependent perennial springs streams needs such as drinking, agriculture, livestock feeding, other consumption. It noticed sudden scarcity demand increased during non-monsoon period, uncertain long-term sustainability human population Hence, water-saving techniques must be adopted sustain condition at level irrigation practices. This can achieved by bringing awareness minimizing saving community level. Also, implementing highly efficient system instead flood gravity-fed drip irrigation, bamboo pitcher recommended.